Injuries can occur for a number of reasons, such as from playing sports or being involved in an accident. When the soft tissues of the body are injured, it can result in impairment of normal movement, which may be painful and limited. Physical therapy is often needed to put the patient back on the road to recovery, and this usually involved the practice of therapeutic exercise as a means to restore strength, balance, flexibility, and range of motion.
The injured person will visit a physical therapist who will take a medical background from him or her and evaluate the ability to move in various ways. Based on this, the therapist will put together a customized therapy schedule of increasingly challenging exercises to help eliminate pain, and restore normal endurance, flexibility, and strength.
Exercises in a physical therapy program are classified by the type of movement and its effect on the body. Passive exercise applies an external force to the affected muscles, often by way of a mechanical device such as a continuous passive motion unit or manually by the therapist, these help to restore normal motions to the joints. Active exercises are those which require the patient to the work the muscles at least somewhat, possibly with assistance at first, and help improve neuromuscular control and joint movement.
Other activities are prescribed to help patients regain strength and endurance in the muscles which have been injured. This is normally added to the program once the patient can safely perform basic flexibility and range-of-motion movements without help. Progressive resistance is added to the routine at a steady rate to gradually build back lost strength in the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones, which is the body's natural response.
Strength exercises are classified as static or dynamic. A static activity does not require movement of the joint, the tension and resistance are equal, and the muscle fibers remain the same length throughout the movement. The angle is the key aspect which makes the difference in this case, so patients are advised to vary the angle of each set, making sure they hold it for several seconds each time, as this is what builds strength.
Dynamic exercises differs in that it does involve movement of the joints and muscles, in particular concentric and eccentric movement, which refers to a repeated shortening and lengthening of the muscle fibers that produces force and develops strength. This type of exercise can be grouped into isotonic, isokinetic, variable-resistance, and manual movements.
An isotonic movement is one that applies an external force to the muscle which alters the angle of the joint, lengthening the muscular fibers. Some common examples of this are many weight machines, free weights, and ankle weights. Training equipment for variable-resistance movements are built to impose correct joint alignment and apply resistance relative to force, or the therapist may do this manually as well, deliberately placing the muscles in range-of-motion extremes that will limit the force produced.
Isokinetic exercises are carried out with a fixed speed and equal muscle force and resistance. Machines to generate this type of movement deliver force to match the user's level of muscle resistance and often have adjustable settings in terms of concentric and eccentric actions with varying velocities.
The injured person will visit a physical therapist who will take a medical background from him or her and evaluate the ability to move in various ways. Based on this, the therapist will put together a customized therapy schedule of increasingly challenging exercises to help eliminate pain, and restore normal endurance, flexibility, and strength.
Exercises in a physical therapy program are classified by the type of movement and its effect on the body. Passive exercise applies an external force to the affected muscles, often by way of a mechanical device such as a continuous passive motion unit or manually by the therapist, these help to restore normal motions to the joints. Active exercises are those which require the patient to the work the muscles at least somewhat, possibly with assistance at first, and help improve neuromuscular control and joint movement.
Other activities are prescribed to help patients regain strength and endurance in the muscles which have been injured. This is normally added to the program once the patient can safely perform basic flexibility and range-of-motion movements without help. Progressive resistance is added to the routine at a steady rate to gradually build back lost strength in the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones, which is the body's natural response.
Strength exercises are classified as static or dynamic. A static activity does not require movement of the joint, the tension and resistance are equal, and the muscle fibers remain the same length throughout the movement. The angle is the key aspect which makes the difference in this case, so patients are advised to vary the angle of each set, making sure they hold it for several seconds each time, as this is what builds strength.
Dynamic exercises differs in that it does involve movement of the joints and muscles, in particular concentric and eccentric movement, which refers to a repeated shortening and lengthening of the muscle fibers that produces force and develops strength. This type of exercise can be grouped into isotonic, isokinetic, variable-resistance, and manual movements.
An isotonic movement is one that applies an external force to the muscle which alters the angle of the joint, lengthening the muscular fibers. Some common examples of this are many weight machines, free weights, and ankle weights. Training equipment for variable-resistance movements are built to impose correct joint alignment and apply resistance relative to force, or the therapist may do this manually as well, deliberately placing the muscles in range-of-motion extremes that will limit the force produced.
Isokinetic exercises are carried out with a fixed speed and equal muscle force and resistance. Machines to generate this type of movement deliver force to match the user's level of muscle resistance and often have adjustable settings in terms of concentric and eccentric actions with varying velocities.
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